Gastritis is considered one of the common problems. This type of disease implies an inflammatory process that affects the stomach lining. It manifests itself with unpleasant symptoms. For the treatment to be effective, and periods of exacerbation occur less and less, a special diet must be followed for gastritis of the stomach.
General dietary guidelines
Before making a menu, you need to read the nutritional rules.
- You need to eat in small portions. The frequency of food intake is 5 to 6 times. A person should not feel hungry.
- The basis of the diet is liquid and ground meals.
- You should select those products that will only benefit the body. This list includes cereals, soups, fish and lean meats, fruits, vegetables, berries.
- It is worth keeping track of the expiration date. It is better to give preference to natural food that has undergone minimal processing.
- Eat as many calories as you need. To calculate them, you need to keep a food diary.
- The diet should contain proteins in the form of meat, fish, cottage cheese, cheeses, fats in the form of vegetable and butter, nuts and eggs, carbohydrates in the form of cereals, pasta, fruits and dried fruits.
- It is better to steam, boil or bake food in the oven. Meat can be grilled without adding oil.
Another important rule is adherence to a strict drinking regime. A person with gastritis should drink up to 2 liters of clean water per day.
Prohibited foods for gastritis: a list
The menu for gastritis of the stomach excludes the use of irritating foods. It is also recommended to reduce the amount of food consumed, which causes an abundant formation of gastric juice.
The list of prohibited foods includes:
- fried and fatty foods;
- chips and croutons with spices;
- food, cooking in large quantities of oil;
- confectionery;
- ice cream;
- products based on wheat flour;
- carbonated drinks;
- store juices;
- mayonnaise, ketchup, sauces;
- alcohol;
- fast food;
- sour varieties of berries and fruits;
- fatty cottage cheese;
- coffee and strong tea;
- sauerkraut;
- pickles and pickles;
- spices and herbs;
- kvass;
- canned food;
- fatty meats and fish.
The list of prohibited foods is long. But such foods can be substituted for homemade food. Store-bought mayonnaise is prohibited. But it can be replaced with homemade sauces made from natural yogurt, eggs and sunflower oil.
Confectionery products are replaced with cheese cakes, honey, fruits, jams without added sugar.
List of prohibited food additives
It should be understood that the same type of product from manufacturers has a different composition. Various additives are increasingly added to food that improve taste, quality and shelf life.
Some food additives are banned.
- E104, E102. They contribute to the development of diseases of the alimentary canal.
- E122, E123. Have a negative effect on digestion.
- E150, E151. Affect food digestion.
- E220-E226. Lead to the appearance of painful sensations.
- E322. Irritating to stomach walls.
Therefore, doctors advise to give preference only to natural products of their own preparation.
Allowed food: list
When studying the list of prohibited foods, you may get the impression that there is nothing to eat. But this is not the case. A variety of dishes can be prepared from the permitted food.
The list of approved products includes:
- liquid porridge. They are boiled in water or milk;
- soups with vegetable broth with the addition of cereals;
- liquid mashed potatoes;
- milk and cream;
- steam omelet, boiled egg;
- puree from vegetables and fruits;
- fish and meat dishes;
- honey, marshmallow, marshmallow, natural marmalade;
- a small amount of sugar;
- vegetable and butter;
- pasta;
- rice, buckwheat, oatmeal;
- greens;
- fresh fruits, vegetables, berries;
- skim cheese;
- steamed dried fruits;
- jam or preserves without sugar;
- jelly;
- green or black tea;
- cheese;
- still mineral water;
- fresh juice. It is diluted with water in equal proportions;
- sour cream, sauce, homemade mayonnaise.
They combine in different ways. However, they can be stewed, boiled, steamed or baked.
Diet for gastritis with high acidity
Nutrition with gastritis of the stomach with high acidity requires the exclusion of dishes that lead to a change in the composition of gastric juice.
An example menu looks like this.
- Steamed scrambled eggs are prepared for breakfast. As a snack, biscuits are taken. Everything is washed down with black or green tea.
- For the second breakfast you can eat baked pumpkin with apples and drink non-carbonated mineral water.
- At lunchtime, a milk soup with pasta, herbs and butter will do. Fish, cauliflower and zucchini baked in foil are served as a second course. From the side dish, you can choose rice or buckwheat. Everything is washed down with cherry jelly.
- For an afternoon snack, steam pancakes from potatoes with honey are eaten. You can drink herbal tea.
- In the evening sausages are prepared from dietary meat. Rice porridge is suitable as a side dish. Everything should be washed down with still water.
- Before going to bed, a glass of kefir is drunk.
If the patient has increased acidity, then he is prohibited from such food for gastritis of the stomach, such as:
- fresh flour products and bread;
- legumes;
- soft and moldy cheeses;
- any fried foods;
- alcoholic beverages and alcoholic beverages.
Servings should not exceed 150 grams at a time. With severe pain on the left, you should completely abandon food and switch to a drinking regimen.
Diet for gastritis with low acidity
With this form of pathology, the menu contains foods that increase the acidity of gastric juice.
The menu for gastritis of the stomach for a week should include:
- 100 g of animal proteins;
- 60 g fat;
- 150 g of vegetable oil;
- 400 g of carbohydrates.
The calorie content of dishes should be in the range of 3000–3300.
The list of approved foods includes:
- yesterday's bread, biscuits;
- vegetable purees, cereals, soups, low-fat fish or meat broths;
- dietary meats in steam or boiled form;
- vegetable stew.
When cooking, you can add bay leaves, cinnamon or vanilla. It is allowed to use cheeses, cottage cheese, kefir, yogurt.
In the morning, porridge is always prepared in the form of millet, oatmeal, buckwheat, rice or barley. For dessert, you can use jelly, jelly, mousses, marshmallows, homemade jam and marmalade.
For gastritis of the stomach with low acidity, rosehip decoctions, mint tea, chamomile infusion, cranberry and lingonberry fruit drinks, compotes, green tea are suitable as a drink.
Nutrition for erosive gastritis
The diet for gastritis of the erosive type is aimed at reducing the load on the digestive organs. Food should always be grated, steamed or boiled.
With this gastritis, you need to eat:
- steam omelet, soft-boiled eggs;
- pureed cream soups made from permitted vegetables;
- steam, boiled, stewed soft vegetables;
- low-fat dairy products;
- steamed or boiled fish;
- grated meat, cutlets, soufflé.
Salt, spices, spices are completely excluded from the menu.
Nutrition for atrophic gastritis
This pathological process is considered very complex. But the food requirements remain the same. The main feature of proper nutrition is the use of medicinal mineral waters. 30 minutes before a meal, you should take decoctions based on St. John's wort, mint, plantain, chamomile, rose hips.
For the rest, you must adhere to general recommendations.
Diet for gastritis during an exacerbation
If the patient has an acute period, then you should refuse to eat for several days. The diet should include only drinks in the form of purified and non-carbonated mineral water, compotes, fruit drinks, green or herbal tea.
The menu for the week with an acute form is based on the use of certain types of products in the form of:
- yesterday's white bread;
- lean meats. Moreover, it must be chopped, grinded or chopped;
- soups with vegetable broth;
- non-acidic compote and jelly;
- soft-boiled eggs or steamed omelet;
- low-fat cottage cheese;
- vegetable purees;
- tea or infusions without added sugar.
During an exacerbation, the dietary table excludes:
- dairy products;
- all types of pastries, except yesterday's bread;
- preservatives, enhancers, artificial colors;
- raw vegetables and fruits;
- margarine and butter;
- pearl barley porridge.
After the acute period has passed, you can return to your usual diet. Only the inclusion of new dishes is happening gradually.
Diet for gastritis: table number 5
Proper nutrition in case of inflammation of the gastric mucosa excludes mechanical and traumatic effects.
The basic principles are built:
- on the exclusion from the diet of all saturated broths. The only thing you can eat is vegetable soup;
- on a daily intake of fats. Their volume should be 80 grams;
- on the use of dairy and fermented milk products with a fat content of not more than 2. 5%;
- on adherence to a strict food regime and daily routine;
- at a food temperature of no more than 40 degrees;
- on the use of pure water up to 2 liters per day.
Such a diet has a beneficial effect not only on the stomach, but also on other digestive organs in the form of the liver, intestines, gall bladder. There is an optimization of fat metabolism in the body, facilitating the work of the biliary system.
With a diet, gastritis goes away much faster. On the mucous membrane, all ulcers and erosion heal on their own. A gastroenterologist or nutritionist will help you choose a diet.